Mussolini was born on July 29,1883, in Dovia di Predgppio, in Forli. His family was the middle-class. His father was a blacksmith and his mother was an elementary school teacher. When Mussolini was at school he was very violent, undisciplined and he learned very little in school. At age 18 he took a diploma for di maestro and then taught secondary school. During his career, Mussolini was an editor and labor leader. In 1912 he went to Socialist Party Congress, and became editor of the party's daily news paper, "Avanti."

Mussolini had supports from the middle-class to become powerful. Soon after that, Mussolini had help from the strongest thrifty group that made Mussolini come to power. He became even more powerful due to Fascism. Mussolini found an article in the newspaper, Popolo d'Italian, about Fascism, and quickly supported Fascism with his independent movement. He got close to the force that he made himself their national speaker. Fascism became a strong nationalist force and intended to appeal to war veterans. The fascist became very powerful that they were able to force King Victor Emmanuel 3rd to make Mussolini head of the government. Mussolini was the first one to invent fascism. Soon Mussolini began to take dictatorship. As the head government, Mussolini was the head of National Fascist party with 250,000 followers, and 35 fascist argument.

Mussolini believed in supporting his people. The industry and agriculture, military, monarchy, and church people supported him. He believed that if they supported you, you were to support them back, and he did. Mussolini supported them with their solution to their crisis like with their jobs, income taxes, and family problem. Mussolini, later on, did not want to support his people any more.. He dispised human beings and manipulated them.

Once Mussolini was in power he attacked the problem of survival. He also set serious elections and violated the constitution. Mussolini reformed the enslavement of Italy. He also controlled orders such as murder, exile, and prison camp. He later won the property of owning Italy. Mussolini built Italy into a greater empire, and took the title IL Duce (the Leader). During the rule of Italy, Mussolini reduced unemployment and improved railway service.

Mussolini later on made Italy looked bad. Italian called him Judas(traitor). In, 1917, he was gun down by Italian. Mussolini did not pay any attention to Italy any more. Instead he made the southern thrifty group richer, as Italy lost power. Italy's worker income amount also dropped. As the southern thrifty group became richer, Mussolini started to become powerful. The thrifty group then joined the government.

Mussolini's first war was with Ethiopia. Ethiopia planed to get all of Italy's attentions. Mussolini had to rise everything for his army so that Ethiopia would become poorly equipped. His second war was the Spanish Civil War. Mussolini joined Hitler into supporting the rebel leader, General Francisco Franco. When 1930's ended, Mussolini nearly lost power with in his toleration and government. Mussolini had inspired Hitler by what the Fascist party could do. Hitler was impress, that quickly he made Mussolini his junior partner. Mussolini, was badly defeated by the British force that led an embarrass to Hitler. Mussolini's last war was with Adolf Hitler. Mussolini found Hitler redrawing Europe by himself without Mussolini. Mussolini then plans to make war at any cost.

After the war Mussolini's career slumped badly. He then organized his third movement. In, 1919, he ran for office but lost. Mussolini went into war against the British force but lost the war. Mussolini wanted to attack Greece, but came to a shameful war. Mussolini then went to war against the Tunisian and lost a great amount of his army. During the invasion of Greece, Mussolini had was rescued by Hitler, which led to an embarrassment also. Mussolini's home was weaken by the invasion of Allies and then he had was rescued by Otto Skorzeny. Finally in April 1945, Mussolini was capture by Italy and could not be rescue any more. Mussolini's armies lost the wars from Europe across the Mediterranean to the African continent. Because of Mussolini's bankruptcy they lost the war. When Italy lost war in 1942, Mussolini collapsed six months later. Mussolini was in the German forces in northern Italy when it collapsed. Italian underground found him and his spouse Clara Petacci and shot them. Their bodies were hang by the heels, in Milan.

Yosha Yang
McLane High School
Spring 1998

Bibliography

1) Dimeo, Guido F. Mussolini. The McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of World Biography vol. 8. New York: Mcgraw-Hill Book Company, 1973. pgs 33-35

2) Rath, John R.Mussolini, Benito.World Book Information Finder on CD-Rom. Chicago: World Book Inc., 1991.

3) ________ , ______ . Mussolini, Benito. Cresent Books. Hong Kong: Crown Publisher Inc., 1984.